Evaluating Environmental Change Strategies: Challenges and Solutions

(Challenges and Solutions)

This article tries to inspect the delusion of Shiite-o-phobia as one of the most important threats for Islamic Awakening. How it has appeared and how it should be handled is the most important concern of this article. The author believes that following the emergence of Islamic Awakening in Iran, strategists of international hegemony have figured out the high potential of Shiites' soft power to ...

Evaluating Payments for Environmental Services: Methodological Challenges

Over the last fifteen years, Payments for Environmental Services (PES) schemes have become very popular environmental policy instruments, but the academic literature has begun to question their additionality. The literature attempts to estimate the causal effect of these programs by applying impact evaluation (IE) techniques. However, PES programs are complex instruments and IE methods cannot b...

Cultural tourism: challenges and strategies

Energetic Optimisation of Foraging Honeybees: Flexible Change of Strategies in Response to Environmental Challenges

Heterothermic insects like honeybees, foraging in a variable environment, face the challenge of keeping their body temperature high to enable immediate flight and to promote fast exploitation of resources. Because of their small size they have to cope with an enormous heat loss and, therefore, high costs of thermoregulation. This calls for energetic optimisation which may be achieved by differe...

LCA of ICT solutions: environmental impacts and challenges of assessment

.................................................................................................................................... 2 Sammanfattning ........................................................................................................................ 3 Резюме (Summary in Russian) ............................................................................................... ...